1. To relieve the pain and the pressure the patient feels.

2. Reduce sinus inflammation and ease mucus drainage

3. Eliminate the infection

4. Avoid symptoms from becoming persistent and protect the membranes of nose and sinuses

Medication treatment in sinusitis is especially prescribed in case of sinus infections with bacteria. The cure can last for several days or get to a few weeks depending on severity of the symptoms. Best results were achieved after using a combination of more medications.

Antibiotics are given to combat the bacterial infection; an antibiotic with good results has proven to be Amoxicillin. Stopping the pains is mostly achieved with analgesics like ibuprofen or acetaminophen. The inflammation of the sinus and nose membranes is reduced by administrating nasal decongestants such as pseudo ephedrine hydrochloride. Thickened mucus will also cause a series of problems; making it thinner is done through mucolytics. Corticosteroids in form of nasal sprays, containing prednisone, are most indicated for reducing inflammation in the nasal passages.

According to the latest studies, best results in medication have been touched by administering local inhaled antibiotics.

The cases of sinus infection lasting less than 3 weeks are diagnosed as acute sinusitis and usually are easy to treat. Because of side-effects like becoming resistant, stomach aches or diarrhea, antibiotics must be prescribed only is case of absolute certainty that the infection can be treated with antibiotics. Many cases of sinus disease are caused by germs and viruses that don’t respond to antibiotherapy.

If you recognize sinusitis symptoms, stem inhalation from the early stages might help you cure it faster and without antibiotics. Though, sinusitis caused by bacteria should be treated by a cure of 5-10 days with antibiotics; suspending the administration of drugs before term can make germs resistant to treatment and worsen the infection. If symptoms persist or modify during treatment the doctor could prescribe you a higher dose or a different kind of antibiotic. Some 5-10% of sinusitis episodes do not respond to ant biotical cure.

Chronic sinusitis requires a longer period of antibiotherapy combined with a nasal corticosteroid decongestant.

Sinus infections in people with a weaken immune system can be caused by atypical bacteria, viruses or fungus. These are rebel cases as they do not respond to current therapy and fungal or corticosteroid medication or even surgery can be necessary. Surgery is sometimes the last resort, when symptoms become permanent and unbearable and no treatment is efficient.

Diagnosing and treating sinusitis might take longer, as symptoms are assembling to those of a regular cold and the certainty of sinus infection especially in children may be difficult. If you suspect sinusitis in you or your child start home treatment immediately and see a specialist.

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Symptoms may last for 3 months or more and include Chronic fatigue, Cough, Facial pain around the eyes or in the forehead or cheeks, Headache (in the front of the head or around the eyes), Nasal congestion, Nasal drainage (yellow, yellow-green, thick), Pain in the roof of the mouth or teeth etc. However, most patients with sinusitis have pain or tenderness in several locations, and symptoms usually do not clearly define which sinuses are inflamed.

Other symptoms of sinusitis can include fever, weakness, tiredness, a cough that may be more severe at night, and runny nose or nasal congestion. In addition, drainage of mucus from the sphenoids (or other sinuses) down the back of the throat (postnasal drip) can cause a sore throat and can irritate the membranes lining the larynx (upper windpipe). On rare occasions, acute sinusitis can result in brain infection and serious complications.

If a bacterial infection is present, antibiotics, such as amoxicillin, erythromycin or sulfa drugs, are usually prescribed for about 10 days. Your doctor also may prescribe one or more of the following remedies (which can be useful in reducing inflammation in the sinuses and nose and speeding recovery):

1. Decongestants. These temporarily relieve symptoms and also help the healing process by draining the nose and sinuses.Decongestants like pseudoephedrine, phenylpherine and phenylpropanolamine constrict the blood vessels and shrink the sinus and nasal membranes, thus, reducing stuffiness in the sinuses and nasal passageways.

2 Over-the-Counter Nasal Sprays. These products, including Afrin and Dristan, are decongestants in a spray form. They are effective when used for a few days, but can be addicting when used for longer periods of time.After using decongestant sprays for three days, people usually experience a rebound effect – when they stop using the spray, they become even more congested and need more spray for relief. People with chronic allergies or sinus problems should limit the use of decongestant sprays to five treatments a week.

3 Prescription inhalers. Several types of prescription nasal inhalers can help reduce sinus inflammation (these are not decongestants and are not habit-forming). Prescription inhalers help heal sinus membranes after the bacteria have been eliminated. These drugs include Beconase, Nasalide and Vancenase (all cortisone derivatives) and Nasalcrom (a non-cortisone drug).When used as directed by a doctor, prescription inhalers can be taken safely for months.

4 Expectorants. Medicines, such as Guaifenesin, thin the mucus so it drains more easily.

5 Antihistamines. These medications help relieve nasal itchiness and inflammation by blocking the action of histamine, however, they do not help mucus drain. Antihistamines include chlorpheniramine, Hismanal, Seldane and Tavist.

6 Humidifiers and salt-water sprays. Dry-air heating systems and air-conditioning can cause sinus membranes to dry out, crack and become vulnerable to irritants, inflammation and infection. Keeping a humidifier running in your home and office or using an over-the-counter salt-water spray (inhaled through the nose) five or six times a day can provide dramatic relief.

Recurring sinusitis accompanied by a bacterial infection usually requires one of the new, stronger antibiotics, such as Augmentin, Ceclor or Ceftin. These drugs may be given in larger doses for a longer period of time (up to four weeks) than required for a brief bout of sinusitis. The doctor may also recommend continued use of a prescription nasal inhaler for several months to keep the inflammation down and prevent a recurrence.

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Nasal polyps occur in around 1 in 200 people. Most of the time, the cause is never known. Some may be a result of swelling from a sinus infection. Other factors like asthma or aspirin sensitivity and allergies may also trigger polyps and make them grow faster. Also, the chance of reoccurrence is greater even after sinus operations. Polyps block the nose, and in most cases there is a decrease in the sense of smell. Since much of our sense of taste is related to our sense of smell, patients with polyp may describe a loss of both taste and smell.

Nasal obstruction can also occur – the pathways where the sinuses drain into the nose can be blocked by polyp. This would cause the mucous to remain in the sinuses, causing congestion. It can also cause pressure over the forehead and face. When mucous is in the sinuses too long, there is a high risk of infection. Although most people with nasal polyps have no symptoms and require no treatment, those who do experience symptoms have different treatment options. If the polyps are a result of a sinus infection, they often will be treated as how sinusitis symptoms are treated. Aggressive medical treatment of sinus infection is helpful to treat polyp growths. Nose sprays are the most effective because they allow easy topical application of medication to the infected areas. Other treatment options include:

The sinuses are covered with a mucus layer and cells that contain little hairs on their surfaces called cilia. These help trap and propel bacteria and pollutants outward. The ostiomeatal complex (OMC) connects the nasal passage to the paranasal sinuses.

What Causes Sinusitis?

The most common cause is viral infection.

Sinusitis is more common in adults. It rarely occurs in children under the age of five. People with nasal abnormalities (such as deviated nasal septum), allergic rhinitis or cystic fibrosis are more likely to develop sinusitis. Smoking increases the risk of developing sinusitis.

Symptoms Of Sinusitis

Some of the signs that a person may have bacterial sinusitis are:

· nasal congestion or obstruction

· mucus discharge from the nose (this can occur with both viral and bacterial sinusitis but continuous thick discharge is more likely to be from bacterial sinusitis)

· persistent dull pain or swelling around the eyes

· tenderness or pain in or around the cheekbones

.High temperature (fever) may develop, and you may feel generally unwell.

Other common symptoms of sinusitis may include:

* A headache.

* Bad breath.

* A cough that produces mucus.

* A fever.

* Pain in your teeth.

* A reduced sense of taste or smell.

What treatment is available?

Acute sinusitis will often settle on its own, but in severe cases may be treated with an antibiotic, such as amoxicillin (eg Amoxil), doxycycline (eg Vibramycin) or erythromycin (eg Erythroped).

Decongestant medication may help but should only be used for five to seven days in the case of nasal sprays or drops.

Chronic sinusitis usually requires surgical drainage of the sinuses involved.

How is sinusitis diagnosed?

Your doctor can tell if you have sinusitis by asking questions about your past health and doing a physical exam. You probably won’t need any other tests.

Can I Prevent Sinusitis?

You can lower your risk of getting sinusitis by making some simple changes in your home environment. Try using a humidifier during cold weather to stop dry, heated air from irritating your sinuses, which can make them more susceptible to infection. Clean the humidifier regularly because mold, which can trigger allergies in some people, forms easily in moist environments.